Part 1: A 68-year-old male Medical Case Study “A 68-year-old male presents to your clinic today. He complains of a cough that will not go away for the last 2 months. He also complains of frequent urination for the last 4 months. PHI only includes HTN diagnosed 5 years ago. He does not know his […]
"A 68-year-old male presents to your clinic today. He complains of a cough that will not go away for the last 2 months. He also complains of frequent urination for the last 4 months. PHI only includes HTN diagnosed 5 years ago. He does not know his family history since he was adopted. He has smoked ½ pack of cigarettes for the last 40 years.
This patient shows typical chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) signs. COPD. This chronic condition is a treatable and preventable disease that challenges providers daily in practice. COPD is a significant cause of chronic morbidity and mortality in the US. It is the fourth leading cause of death globally (reference, 2017). The patient has had a cough for the last two months and has a significant smoking history of 40 years. Although nonsmokers can develop COPD, smoking is one of the main risk factors. Smoking causes airway changes and parenchymal destruction by exposure to noxious particles or gases.
In addition, the patient should be screened for prostate CA as he is 68 years old, and screening should start at age 50 per current recommendations. The patient shows possible signs of prostate abnormalities, such as frequent urination, but further studies should be ordered as this symptom could be associated with other conditions. Also, further assessment is necessary. Also, the patient should be assessed further for diabetes as well.
This is evidenced by cough for two months, a 40-year history of smoking ½ pack per day, and comorbidities including hypertensive disease. (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, 2017)
A cough evidences this for the last two months, urinary frequency, and a history of hypertension. (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, 2017)
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (Mohler et al., 2019)
You identify benign prostatic hyperplasia as a differential diagnosis for the patient. You cite that the condition causes irregularities in the lower urinary tract to cause symptoms such as difficulty initiating a urine stream, pain, and frequent urination. According to Fu et al. (2019), benign prostatic hyperplasia causes individuals to experience a frequent or urgent need to urinate, a weak urine stream or a stream that stops and starts, and a persistent inability to empty the bladder. While your claims regarding the clinical presentation of benign prostatic hyperplasia hold, the patient in the case present symptoms that indicate irregularities in his breathing system. Although he experiences a frequent need to urinate, his smoking history and symptoms presented necessitate a clinician’s focus on his breathing system.
References
UpToDate. (2021). Budesonide, glycopyrrolate, and formoterol: Drug information
Retrieved January 17, 2022, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/budesonide-glycopyrrolate-and-formoterol-drug-information?search=inhaled+glucocorticoids&selectedTitle=1~144&usage_type=panel&display_rank=1&kp_tab=drug_general&source=panel_search_result#F54680162
Fu, J., Ye, J., & Cui, W. (2019). The Dice measure of cubic hesitant fuzzy sets and its initial evaluation method of benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms. Scientific reports, 9(1), 1-8. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-37228-9
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung disease. (2017) Pocket guide to COPD diagnosis, management, and prevention. GOLD. (2021, November 23). Retrieved January 17, 2022, from https://goldcopd.org/pocket-guide-copd-diagnosis-management-prevention-2016/
Mohler, J. L., Antonarakis, E. S., Armstrong, A. J., D’Amico, A. V., Davis, B. J., Dorff, T., Eastham, J. A., Enke, C. A., Farrington, T. A., Higano, C. S., Horwitz, E. M., Hurwitz, M., Ippolito, J. E., Kane, C. J., Kuettel, M. R., Lang, J. M., McKenney, J., Netto, G., Penson, D. F., … Freedman-Cass, D. A. (2019). Prostate cancer, version 2.2019, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 17(5), 479–505. https://doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2019.0023
Customer's Feedback Review
Published On: 01-01-1970
Access to the order has been disabled by the author